Italian authorities stated that the request involved combat-related flights, which under existing agreements are subject to government and parliamentary approval, and cannot be authorized solely for operational or logistical purposes. A ministry source told Diplomat News Network, "They requested landing clearance while in flight, and there was insufficient time to consult Parliament, so the request was denied.” Sigonella Air Base, located south of Catania, is one of Italy’s key strategic installations for NATO and U.S. military operations.

The incident follows a similar decision by Spain, which on Monday, March 30, closed its airspace to U.S. aircraft involved in military operations targeting Iran. Spanish Defense Minister Margarita Robles said in Madrid, "We do not authorize either the use of our military bases or our airspace for any activities related to the war in Iran.” Spanish government officials emphasized that emergency situations remain exempt from this restriction.

Eyewitnesses at Sigonella reported seeing routine base activity and heightened security protocols as the denial took effect, while Italian media, including *Corriere della Sera*, confirmed the presence of American bombers in the denied flight request. The number of aircraft involved and the exact timing of the request have not been publicly disclosed.

Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s office issued a statement asserting that relations with the United States remain "solid and based on full and sincere cooperation,” while highlighting that each request for base use is reviewed individually. Opposition leader Elly Schlein criticized the decision, arguing that "the United States seeks to use our territory as a platform for war in the Middle East” and called for a clear political stance against future requests.

The decisions underscore broader geopolitical implications, signaling growing European caution toward U.S.-led military actions in the Middle East. Analysts note that these refusals may influence NATO operational planning and complicate transatlantic coordination, particularly in scenarios requiring rapid deployment of U.S. air assets through European member states.

Economic and diplomatic considerations also factor into these moves. Spanish Economy Minister Carlos Cuervo told *Cadena SER* that the airspace closure aligns with Spain’s prior decision not to contribute to military actions against Iran, signaling that Madrid prioritizes adherence to national policy over potential bilateral tensions with Washington.

The Italian and Spanish restrictions represent a notable deviation from NATO norms, where allied airspace and bases are typically available for allied operations. Observers say this may prompt both the U.S. and European capitals to negotiate clearer protocols for combat-related overflight and base access, balancing alliance obligations with domestic oversight and parliamentary consent.